Associations between coagulation factor XII,coagulation factor XI,and stability of venous thromboembolism: A case-control study

BACKGROUNDPulmonary embolism (PE) is a fatal clinical syndrome that is generally caused by an embolus from unstable deep venous thrombosis (DVT). However, clinical and biochemical factors that are related to the stability of DVT are not fully understood.AIMTo evaluate the relationships between plasma antigen levels of factor XII (FXII:Ag) and factor XI (FXI:Ag) with the stability of DVT.METHODSPatients with DVT and no PE, DVT and PE, and controls with no DVT or PE that matched for age, gender, and comorbidities were included in this study. FXII:Ag and FXI:Ag in peripheral venous blood were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.RESULTSUsing the 95^th percentile of FXI:Ag in patients with DVT and PE as the cut-off, a higher FXI:Ag was associated with a higher risk of unstable DVT (odds ratio: 3.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.18-8.43, P = 0.019). Stratified analyses showed consistent results in patients ≤ 60 years (P = 0.020), but not in those > 60 years (P = 0.346).CONCLUSIONHigher plasma FXI:Ag might be a marker for unstable DVT, which might be associated with PE in these patients.     

精神科护士再培训对护理不良事件的作用

目的:探讨精神科护士再培训对护理不良事件的作用。方法:采取专人带教及集中脱产培训相结合,对新入科的护士进行培训。结果:培训前后护理不良事件发生率及住院患者的满意度差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论:精神科知识再培训及带教方式,有利于提高护士识别护理风险、进行有效干预的能力和与精神病患者沟通的能力,从而降低护理不良事件的发生。     

血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2及超敏C反应蛋白与急性冠脉综合征的关系

目的 探讨脂蛋白相关磷脂酶（Lp-PL）A2及超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）与急性冠脉综合征（ACS）的发生及冠脉病变严重程度的相关性。 方法 2017年6月~2018年10月于西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院心脏内科住院并行冠脉造影（CAG）确诊为ACS的患者373例,另外选择同期CAG结果正常的107例患者作为非冠心病组。将ACS患者根据冠脉Gensini积分的中位数进一步分为两组,定义为轻度病变组及重度病变组;根据冠脉病变支数分为三组,分别为单支病变组、双支病变组、三支病变组。 结果 与非冠心病组相比,ACS组患者的血清Lp-PLA2和炎症指标hs-CRP明显升高,差异均有统计学意义。冠脉重度病变组的血清Lp-PLA2和hs-CRP水平高于冠脉轻度病变组,差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.01）。随着冠心病患者病变累及支数的增多,Lp-PLA2水平和Gensini积分也逐渐增加。相关分析显示Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP水平与 Gensini 积分呈正相关。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,hs-CRP和Lp-PLA2是冠脉病变重度病变的独立危险因素。利用ROC曲线显示Lp-PLA2诊断冠心病的曲线下面积为0.836（95%CI:0.802~0.869）。当Lp-PLA2诊断临界值取129.03 ng/ml时,其诊断效能最高,灵敏度为64.1%,特异度为96.6%。 结论 血清Lp-PLA2和hs-CRP与ACS冠状动脉病变严重程度成正相关,是冠脉严重病变的独立危险因素。血清Lp-PLA2对ACS有一定的诊断价值。     

2013-2018年西安市各级医院第一批国家重点监控药品不良反应/不良事件分析

目的 总结、分析西安市各级医院第一批国家重点监控药品(以下简称重点监控药品)不良反应/事件(ADR/ADE)发生的情况,以促进重点监控药品合理化使用.方法 对西安市各级医院2013-2018年上报的重点监控药品ADR/ADE报告进行统计分析,包括患者性别、年龄、ADR/ADE发生的时间、产生ADR/ADE的重点监控药品...     

呼吸重症监护病房呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 为了解我院呼吸重症监护室(RICU)细菌感染分布及耐药情况,方法 对210例入住RICU的下呼吸道感染患者行痰及支气管灌洗液细菌培养及药物敏感性实验.结果 RICU中患者呼吸道感染的主要致病菌为G-细菌(占73.3%),G-细菌以鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌及洋葱伯克霍尔德菌为主,分别为22.9%,8.6%,6.6%和5.7%;G+细菌以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,占10.5%,真菌占8.6%,以白假丝酵母为主.药敏结果 显示:鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌对β内酰胺类和碳氢霉烯类抗生素耐药率高.结论 非发酵菌是RICU呼吸道感染的主要致病菌,呼吸道细菌的耐药情况越来越复杂,已成为临床治疗的一个难题.除定期、系统地进行细菌的耐药性检测外,还应规范抗生素的使用,合理使用抗生素以减少耐药菌的产生.     

连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过患者血清中利奈唑胺的浓度监测

目的:对连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过(continuous venovenous hemofiltration,CVVH)治疗的危重患者进行利奈唑胺血药浓度监测,为临床个体化治疗提供依据。方法:建立高效液相色谱法(以左氧氟沙星为内标),测定患者血清中利奈唑胺谷浓度。结果:利奈唑胺在0.31～20.00μg.mL-1内线性关系良好(r=0.999 5),定量限为0.31μg.mL-1。5例危重患者在治疗期间监测23次的利奈唑胺谷浓度变化明显,变化范围为1.53～17.10μg.mL-1。有2例患者谷浓度变化较大(相差近5倍)。结论:高效液相色谱法简单、快速、准确、灵敏、重复性好,可用于临床利奈唑胺的血药浓度监测。进行连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过治疗的患者,应用利奈唑胺时血药浓度变化较大,需要通过治疗药物监测的方法制定个体化给药方案。     

2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白水平与血浆纤维蛋白原及颈动脉 内膜中层厚度的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)与血浆纤维蛋白原(Fib)和颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)变化的关系,以及Fib在T2DM患者大血管病变发生过程中的作用.方法 72例T2DM患者依照HbA1c水平分为A组33例和B组39例,34例健康者为对照组.采用色谱法测定HbA1c水平,全自动生化分析仪检测Fib,颈动脉超声测定IMT.结果 随着HbA1c水平的升高,Fib、IMT逐级升高,斑块发生率及斑块严重程度增加,且患者HbA1c水平与IMT水平呈显著正相关.结论 T2DM可通过Fib水平改变引起动脉内膜厚度增加,且随着HbA1c水平的升高,T2DM患者大血管病变严重程度逐级增加.     

Expert opinion on thyroid complications of new anti-cancer therapies: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Thyroid pathology is the most frequent form of endocrinopathy during tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Dysthyroidism occurs in 10% to 80% of cases, depending on diagnostic criteria. In patients with intact thyroid gland prior to TKI treatment, incidence of dysthyroidism is 30–40%, with subclinical presentation in half of cases. It mainly involves hypothyroidism, preceded in 20–40% of cases by transient thyrotoxicosis that may go overlooked. The pathophysiological mechanism is “vascular” thyroiditis induced by the anti-angiogenic action of TKIs. Between 20% and 60% of patients receiving levothyroxine ahead of TKI treatment show increased levothyroxine requirements. TKIs should not be discontinued because of onset of thyroid dysfunction. Treatment is symptomatic in case of thyrotoxicosis, and levothyroxine replacement therapy is initiated in case of symptomatic hypothyroidism or TSH > 10 mIU/L. During TKI treatment, TSH should be assayed monthly, or at end of off-period (i.e., day 1 of new cycle after interruption), for the first 6 months, then every 2–3 months or in case of clinical signs of dysthyroidism. In patients already treated for hypothyroidism, TSH should be assayed monthly for 3 months, then every 3 months throughout treatment. At TKI termination, remission of hypothyroidism is possible but unpredictable, and progressive discontinuation of levothyroxine may be considered under monitoring. Teamwork between oncologists and endocrinologists improves screening and treatment of thyroid dysfunction, enabling the patient to be better accompanied during treatment.